What is visceral fat and how do I reduce it?

There are two types of fat that our body stores: subcutaneous fat and visceral fat.

Subcutaneous fat is stored just under the skin. We can feel it in our arms, legs, and hips. Think of it as the fat that you are able to pinch with your fingers.

Visceral fat, or visceral adipose tissue, is the fat that is stored inside the body cavity and wraps itself around and infiltrates our internal organs, such as the heart, liver, or intestines. This fat is metabolically active and functions as if you had another organ in your body which produces negative hormonal effects. We call it “angry” or “inflammatory” fat.

Why is visceral fat dangerous?

Visceral fat is also referred to as “active” or “inflammatory” fat because it produces substances that contribute to insulin resistance, leading to Type 2 Diabetes. Insulin resistance is the prediabetic state where your body is losing its ability to properly balance insulin and regulate blood glucose. 

Visceral fat secretes a protein called retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) that increases insulin resistance in the body. It also releases inflammatory substances called cytokines, which leads to chronic inflammation.

High levels of visceral fat are associated with increased risk for:

• Type 2 Diabetes

• Heart disease

• Breast cancer

• Colorectal cancer

• Alzheimer’s disease

• Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

It is very difficult to be healthy with high amounts of visceral fat. Lowering visceral fat eliminates a major driver of chronic diseases.

What are the sources of visceral fat?

The root causes of visceral fat are refined carbohydrates, processed foods, and artificial sweeteners ingested without periods of fasting. This type of diet is typical in Western cultures. In order to eliminate visceral fat, the secret is to minimize the five S’s: Sweets, Starch, Snacks, Seed oils, and Sitting.

How do you test for visceral fat?

There are many ways to estimate your visceral fat. MRI, DEXA, and CT scans are accurate but costly and inconvenient. A cheaper way to estimate visceral fat is to measure your waistline. A healthy waistline in women is typically 35” or lower, and 40” or lower for men. However, these measurements are prone to variability. They are inexpensive, but not precise.

At the CureCenter, we have a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective way to measure and monitor visceral fat. We use the InBody 570 analyzer to obtain accurate body composition data on our patients repeatedly over time. This data allows us to monitor not only visceral fat, but percent body fat, skeletal muscle mass, and hydration levels. This information is crucial in monitoring the benefit of our treatment and demonstrating optimal results. The InBody data goes far beyond the scale and helps us provide motivation for ongoing lifestyle improvements.

Body composition tests using the InBody 570 only take a few minutes and are completely painless and non-invasive. The process is similar to stepping on a scale - only this machine measures much more than your average at-home device. If you have a pacemaker or defibrillator, or you are pregnant, we don’t use the InBody, even though the risk is not high.

How do I eliminate visceral fat?

• Reduce your sugar intake, especially sugary drinks, refined white carbohydrates, and processed foods.

• Avoid artificial sweeteners. They raise insulin in the same way as sugar, even though they are lower in calories. They also perpetuate cravings for real sugar by feeding your sweet tooth, like a “gateway” drug.

• Restrict eating to a window of time (ideally 6-8 hours) and devote time every day to fasting (drinking only water or non-sugary drinks). At least 16 hours of fasting, including sleep, is a goal we promote to our patients. We call it “window feeding.”

• Exercise as much as you can most days.

• Eat a low-glycemic diet. Low-glycemic foods consist of green vegetables, whole fruits (in moderation), beans, and lentils. 

• Get a good night’s sleep. Too little sleep or too much sleep on a regular basis can lead to more visceral fat storage.

• Manage stress. Mindfulness practices like prayer, meditation, or yoga can help manage your body’s stress response and lower cortisol levels.

• Limit alcohol. When your liver is processing alcohol, it is not processing fat.

• Quit smoking. Tobacco use can negatively affect your ability to deal with glucose and increase insulin resistance.

• Targeted supplements and medications can improve insulin sensitivity for some individuals with stubborn visceral fat.